Learn how to give emphasis or stress an adjective to better show emotions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: Hi everyone, and welcome back to FilipinoPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 23 - How Will You Make up for Your Lateness in the |
| Philippines? Michael here. |
| Erica: Hello. I'm Erica. |
| Michael: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to highlight and put stress on adjectives. The conversation takes place in the street. |
| Erica: It's between Noel and Kim. |
| Michael: The speakers are close friends, so they’ll be using informal Filipino. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Noel: Uy, huli ka nang dumating! |
| Kim: Pasensya ka na trapik kasi. |
| Noel: Sobrang tagal kong naghintay dito. |
| Kim: Hindi ko talaga sinasadya. Sobrang hirap talagang sumakay kanina. |
| Noel: Ang init-init pa naman ng panahon ngayon. |
| Kim: Sorry talaga. Ah! Libre na lang kita ng hapunan? Para makabawi ako. |
| Noel: Sige, pero ako pipili sa menu. |
| Kim: Sige okay lang. |
| Noel: Malakas ako kumain ha? |
| Kim: Ayos lang! |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Noel: Hey, you're late. |
| Kim: I'm sorry, it was traffic. |
| Noel: I waited so long here. |
| Kim: I really didn't mean to. It was so hard to get a ride earlier. |
| Noel: The weather was also so hot today. |
| Kim: I'm really sorry. Ah! How about I treat you to dinner? So I can make it up to you? |
| Noel: Sure, but I‘ll pick what we eat. |
| Kim: Yes, alright. |
| Noel: I'm a big eater okay? |
| Kim: Its fine! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Michael: Erica, what’s Filipino food like? |
| Erica: Filipino food is a mixed cuisine of Malay, Chinese, Spanish and American influences. |
| Michael: It's often said to be characterized by combinations of sweet, sour, and salty, right? |
| Erica: Yes, and all these flavors are usually present in a single dish! |
| Michael: Which are the main food? |
| Erica: Like other Asian countries, rice is the staple food of the Philippines. It’s often eaten with meat, usually adobo which is pork or chicken with vinegar and soy sauce, or bistek Tagalog which is beef steak with soy sauce and onions, or soup-based dishes such as chicken tinola, or pork, beef or shrimp sinigang. |
| Michael: Where can the western influence be found? |
| Erica: Aside from the soy sauce-based dishes like adobo and beef steak, and the soup-based dishes like sinigang, there are a lot of tomato-based dishes because of the country’s Spanish influence. These include caldereta, menudo, mechado and afritada which can be cooked with pork, beef or chicken. |
| Michael: So meat is very important in the Filipino diet. |
| Erica: Not only meat, the Philippines has also an abundant supply of seafood. The national fish is bangus, or “milkfish,” and the most widely consumed fish is tilapia, a kind of fresh-water fish. Dishes with shrimp and various shellfish are also pretty common. |
| Michael: Okay, I think we’ll be able to understand a Filipino menu easily now! Let's move onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Erica: dumating [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to come, to arrive |
| Erica: dumating[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: dumating [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: pasensya [natural native speed] |
| Michael: sorry |
| Erica: pasensya[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: pasensya [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: trapik [natural native speed] |
| Michael: traffic |
| Erica: trapik[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: trapik [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: tagal [natural native speed] |
| Michael: long (time/ duration) |
| Erica: tagal[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: tagal [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: hintay [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to wait |
| Erica: hintay[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: hintay [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: sadya [natural native speed] |
| Michael: purpose |
| Erica: sadya[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: sadya [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: sakay [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to ride |
| Erica: sakay[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: sakay [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: bawi [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to make up, do better |
| Erica: bawi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: bawi [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Erica: huli ka na dumating |
| Michael: meaning "You're late." |
| Erica: This phrase is made up of the words huli, meaning “last,” ka meaning “you,” na meaning “already,” and dumating meaning “arrived.” However, when put together as a phrase it means "you are late" or "you arrived late." |
| Michael: When would this phrase be appropriate? |
| Erica: Well, obviously this is said to a person who comes in late, but you wouldn’t usually say this to a person higher in status than you. For reference, to make it polite we can add the word po and change the pronoun mo to kayo. The polite form is huli na po kayong dumating, but again, you wouldn’t usually say this to someone like your boss! |
| Michael: Can we use it with other verbs? |
| Erica: We can also change the verb dumating, which means “arrived,” into other verbs. For example, we can say huli ka nang pumasok, |
| Michael: meaning “You entered late.” |
| Erica: Or you can also say.. Huli ka nang nagsimula. |
| Michael: ..which means "You started late." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Erica: hindi ko talaga sinasadya |
| Michael: meaning "I really didn't mean to." |
| Erica: It is made up of the words hindi meaning “not,” ko meaning “I,” talaga meaning “really,” and sinasadya which is “to do on purpose.” |
| Michael: You use this to express an apology to people for doing something that they did not like. |
| Erica: To make it polite, we add the word po. The polite form is hindi ko po talaga sinasadya, which is “I really didn't mean it.” |
| Michael: Can you give us a longer sentence using this word? |
| Erica: Sure. For example, you can say.. Hindi ko sinasadyang saktan ka. |
| Michael: .. which means "I did not mean to hurt you.” Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Michael: In this lesson you will learn how to emphasize or stress an adjective to better show emotions. |
| Erica: Let’s start with an example from the dialogue, Sobrang tagal kong naghintay dito. |
| Michael: meaning "I waited so long here." |
| Erica: The word sobra is placed before an adjective to emphasize or stress that adjective to better show emotions. It is usually found at the beginning of a sentence. When used, it follows the pattern Sobra plus ng followed by the adjective and predicate. Note that the first word of the predicate normally has the suffix ng attached to it, or the determiner ng itself is put before the predicate. |
| Michael: So we can say that it’s basically a decorative word used in conversations and writing to give emphasis to the description that the adjectives stand for. |
| Erica: Right, and it shouldn’t be confused with adjectives’ levels or degrees, because it doesn’t change the intensity or degree of the adjective but merely highlights it. |
| Michael: Can you give us an example? |
| Erica: Sobrang hirap ng pasusulit. |
| Michael: “The exam was so hard.” |
| Erica: Here’s another, Sobrang sarap niyang kausap. |
| Michael: “She is very good to talk to.” Let’s look closely at the difference between adjectives’ degree and the connotation that this word gives them. |
| Erica: Sure, for example consider hirap, “difficult.” Napakahirap describes something as the most difficult, while sobrang hirap highlights the feeling of having so much difficulty |
| Michael: We've seen other ways to express different levels of intensity in this series. |
| Erica: That's right. In a previous lesson, we looked at the inuulit way, reduplication, of creating words to express intensity. Sobrang hirap has the same meaning as hirap-hirap. |
| Michael: Let’s remember that by repeating the words, or some parts of the words, we can express the intensity of the adjective used. |
| Erica: Right! In addition, please also know that the word kay can be used in place of sobra. However, kay is often considered too poetic and deep, so it is not used so much in everyday Filipino. It can, however, be used to express sarcasm and to highlight or stress a point, for example, Kay sakit ng puso ko, |
| Michael: which means “My heart hurts so much.” |
| Erica: To wrap up this lesson, I’ll give some other examples with Sobra. Sobrang hirap niyang patawanin. |
| Michael: "It's so hard to make him laugh." |
| Erica: Sobrang pagod ang naramdaman ko matapos ang marathon. |
| Michael: "I felt so tired after the marathon." |
| Erica: Sobrang lamig ng hangin dito. |
| Michael: "The wind here is so cold." |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Erica: Salamat. |
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