Learn how to use pronouns together with the proper markers to further express what you want to say
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: Hi everyone, and welcome back to FilipinoPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 14 - Looking for Clarity in the Philippines. Michael here. |
| Erica: Hello. I'm Erica. |
| Michael: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use pronouns and to use them with markers in Filipino. The conversation takes place at an office. |
| Erica: It's between Ted and his boss. |
| Michael: The speakers are an employee and the boss, so the employee will be using polite Filipino. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Boss: Kailangan natin 'to matapos bago ang susunod na buwan. |
| Ted: Sandali lang po, mayroon po akong hindi maintindihan. |
| Boss: Ah sige, anong hindi mo maintindihan? |
| Ted: Pwede po bang pakiulit ang mga dapat kong gawin. |
| Boss: Ah sige, pipilitin kong maipaliwanag sa iyo ng husto. |
| Ted: Salamat po. |
| Boss: Kung may tanong ka pa o hindi maintindihan, sabihin mo lang sa 'kin. |
| Ted: Sige po. Salamat po ulit. |
| Boss: Walang anuman. |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Boss: We need to finish this before next month. |
| Ted: A moment please, there’s something I don't understand. |
| Boss: Ah, alright! What is it that you don't get? |
| Ted: Can you please repeat the things that I have to do? |
| Boss: Oh fine, I'll try to explain it to you more clearly. |
| Ted: Thank you. |
| Boss: If you have any more questions or things that you don't understand, just ask me. |
| Ted: Yes. Thanks again. |
| Boss: Don't mention it. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Michael: Erica, how are workplace relationships in the Philippines? |
| Erica: The Philippines has a mixture of Western and Asian cultures, and that's why it’s a little tricky when we talk about the employer-employee relationship. Filipinos still address and talk to their bosses using the polite form such as adding the word po in their sentences whenever they speak in Filipino. |
| Michael: Isn’t English generally the language used in the workplace though? |
| Erica: Yes, and this may also be the reason why most employees take a very Western approach to their relationship with with their boss. Their bosses are like their friends and they can talk to them or even hang out with them after work. |
| Michael: Are there any specific words we should be aware of here? |
| Erica: Even if there is a close relationship between co-workers, honorifics are still often used to address colleagues. Usually "Ma'am," "Sir," and even "Miss" are used to address older colleagues. |
| Michael: While older workers usually tell younger workers to remove the honorifics when addressing them, it is still considered proper to use them. |
| Erica: And sometimes, the words Kuya, Ate, or even Nanay and Tatay, which mean “brother,” “sister,” “mother,” and “father,” respectively, are used to refer to colleagues. |
| Michael: That’s good to know! In a sense, this makes the workplace an extension of the family life of a worker, because more often than not, relationships in the office go beyond the office. For example, you may ask a colleague to be the godmother or godfather of your child. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Erica: bago (before) [natural native speed] |
| Michael: before |
| Erica: bago (before)[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: bago (before) [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: paliwanag [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to explain |
| Erica: paliwanag[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: paliwanag [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: maintindihan [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to understand |
| Erica: maintindihan[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: maintindihan [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: ulit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to repeat |
| Erica: ulit[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: ulit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: dapat [natural native speed] |
| Michael: must, have |
| Erica: dapat[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: dapat [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: husto [natural native speed] |
| Michael: sufficient |
| Erica: husto[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: husto [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: pilit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to try, to do one's best |
| Erica: pilit[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: pilit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Erica: tanong [natural native speed] |
| Michael: question |
| Erica: tanong[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Erica: tanong [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Erica: kailangan |
| Michael: meaning "to need." |
| Erica: This word is often used in Filipino conversations and it's the root word of the verb. |
| Michael: You use this verb to express the need to do something or the need to have something. |
| Erica: Right. We usually use the following structure, kailangan plus ko, meaning “I,” plus the ng marker, then the thing needed. "I" can be replaced with other pronouns or nouns with the corresponding markers. |
| Michael: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Erica: Sure. For example, you can say... Kailangan ko ng tulong mo. |
| Michael: ..which means "I need your help." |
| Erica: Here is another example, Kailangan ni May ng barya. |
| Michael: ...which means “May needs coins.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Erica: Sandali lang, |
| Michael: meaning "a moment." |
| Erica: In most casual conversations, the phrase sandali lang po alone is sufficient for the listener to understand that the speaker is expressing the difficulty of or confusion about the topic of the situation. |
| Michael: Are there other similar expressions? |
| Erica: Another phrase synonymous with sandali lang is teka lang, or teka lang po if you want to be polite. Teka literally means “wait a moment.” Compared to sandali lang, teka lang is used more with friends or those close to you, though you can use both phrases interchangeably. Another phrase with a similar meaning is hintay, meaning “to wait.” You can also say Hintay! to friends when you want them to wait for you. |
| Michael: Can you give us an example using the first expression? |
| Erica: Sure. For example, you can say.. Sandali lang po, mayroon po akong hindi maintindihan. |
| Michael: .. which means "A moment please, there’s something I don't understand." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Michael: In this lesson you’ll learn how to use pronouns together with the proper markers to further express what you want to say in Filipino. |
| Erica: We will discuss the three types of pronouns in Filipino and learn how to use them with the markers that we learned in the previous lesson. |
| Michael: The pronouns are divided in three groups as the markers, right? |
| Erica: Yes, the three groups of pronouns in Filipino are the ang, ng, and sa pronouns, and you’ll probably remember them from the previous lesson. |
| Michael: Each group of pronouns has both personal and demonstrative types, so let’s have a closer look. The first group is .. |
| Erica: The ang pronouns. Both personal and demonstrative ang pronouns are used to substitute for the main focus of the sentence. |
| Michael: These have the same function as pronouns in English. While personal pronouns are for living entities, demonstrative pronouns are for non-living, non-human entities. Let’s list them. Erica will say the Filipino word and I’ll give the translation. |
| Erica: Ako |
| Michael: “I” |
| Erica: Ikaw |
| Michael: “You” |
| Erica: Siya |
| Michael: “He" or "She” |
| Erica: Kayo |
| Michael: “You,” in the plural. |
| Erica: Tayo |
| Michael: “We,” including the listener. |
| Erica: Sila |
| Michael: “We,” excluding the listener, which is “They” |
| Erica: Then come the demonstrative pronouns. |
| Erica: ito |
| Michael: Meaning “this,” referring to something near the speaker. |
| Erica: iyan |
| Michael: “That,” referring to something near the listener. |
| Erica: iyon |
| Michael: Meaning “that” or “over there,” referring to something far from both the listener and the speaker. |
| Erica: Let’s have a close look at the sentence Kailangan natin ‘to matapos bago ang susunod na buwan, |
| Michael: “We need to finish this before next month.” |
| Erica: Here, natin substitutes for the speaker, the boss and the entire company, including the listener, Ted, and to, “this,” substitutes for the task they were talking about. Note that ito was contracted to form to. This is usually done in Filipino, especially for particles and pronouns beginning with i. |
| Michael: Ok, now which is the second group? |
| Erica: The ng pronouns group. |
| Michael: As the markers, they serve three functions- to show possession, to mark a direct object, and marking the doer that is not the focus of the sentence. |
| Erica: Right, they are ko |
| Michael: meaning “my” |
| Erica: mo |
| Michael: meaning “your” |
| Erica: niya |
| Michael: meaning “his or her” |
| Erica: ninyo/niyo |
| Michael: meaning “your” in the plural form. |
| Erica: natin and namin |
| Michael: meaning “our,” including the listener, and “our,” excluding the listener. |
| Erica: nila |
| Michael:meaning “their.” Keep in mind that, if you try to translate them directly into English, these pronouns would always come with the word “of,” for example, “of me” or “of you.” |
| Erica: Like the previous group, we also have the demonstrative pronouns nito, niyan and niyon |
| Michael: Respectively meaning “of this”, “of that”or "over there." Please give us an example. |
| Erica: Bago ang bahay namin. |
| Michael:“Our house is new.” |
| Erica: Finally, we have the sa pronouns group. The pronouns in this category are generally used to mark direction, and are usually not the focus of the sentence. |
| Michael: They have three main functions- to demonstrate possession, to mark location or direction, and marking in whose direction the action is performed, but only if the direction is not the subject of the sentence. Keep in mind that if you try to translate them directly into English these pronouns always come with the word “to.” |
| Erica: They are akin,[PAUSE] iyo, [PAUSE] kaniya |
| Michael: respectively meaning “my” or “me,” “your” or “you,” “his” or “her” |
| Erica: inyo [PAUSE] atin [PAUSE] amin [PAUSE] kanila |
| Michael: respectively meaning “your” in the plural, “us” or “our,” including the listener, “us” or “our,” excluding the listener, and “their” or “them.” |
| Erica: The demonstrative pronouns are dito/rito, diyan/riyan, doon/roon |
| Michael: respectively meaning “here,” “there,” and “over there.” |
| Erica: Now let’s try using markers and pronouns together. Here is an example for the ang group. Ang magkapatid ay laging nag-aaway. Lagi silang galit sa isa’t-isa. |
| Michael: “The siblings are always fighting. They’re always mad at each other.” |
| Erica: Here is an example for the ng group. Tinapos ni Jane ang drawing. Ginamitan niya nito. |
| Michael: “Jane finished the drawing. She used this.” |
| Erica: Here is an example for the sa group. Kay Tina ko binigay ang papeles. Sa kanya ko rin inutos ang pagpapaphotocopy. |
| Michael: Literally this is “I gave the papers to Tina. It is to her that I also gave the orders to photocopy.” Listeners, be sure to check out the lesson notes for more examples for each group! |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Erica: Salamat. |
Comments
Hide