The Focus of this Lesson is naki + Main Verb to Indicate that the Action is Carried out with Other People
Nakisayaw ako sa mga bata at nakikanta rin ako sa karaoke.
"I danced with the children and joined in singing at karaoke."

The prefix naki- is used with verbs to indicate that the speaker did the action by joining other people. This means that other people have already started the action, and the speaker later joined them in doing the action. Naki is a prefix implying "to do with others or to join others" that combines with the main verbs to make verbs that indicate that an action is done together with other people. This is used only to express actions performed in the past. For example, kain is the main verb "to eat" so nakikain is a verb meaning "joined others in eating." As another example, takbo  is the main verb for "to run." Nakitakbo is a verb meaning "joined in running." Buhat is the main verb "to lift" so nakibuhat is the verb "joined in lifting."

In a sentence, verbs formed with the prefix naki can act like any other verb. They precede the noun that they modify in the passive form (conversational form). The active form in Filipino is rare and almost never used in conversations. It is only used in formal writing. The active form uses the pattern subject + ay + verb + object/predicate.

Passive form:

1. Nakibili ako sa palengke.
   "I joined in buying at the public market."

Active form:

1. Ako ay nakibili sa palengke.
   "I joined in buying at the public market."

In the above examples, the speaker implies that the speaker joined the other people in their shopping at the market.

The pattern to be used in conversations is naki + main verb + pronoun/noun + object/predicate.

For example:

1. Nakibato siya ng barya.
   "He/she joined in throwing coins."

Naki verbs can also be used in the middle of the sentence in conversations. The position of the verb changes, but the meaning still remains the same. However, note that when the action is negative or the sentence is indicating that an action wasn't performed, the verb using naki should always be in the middle of the sentence following the subject.

Here are some examples:

1. Hindi siya nakisali sa palaro.
   "He did not join in the games."

In this example because the action is negative, the verb with the prefix naki cannot be used at the beginning of the sentence.

1. Sana ay nakitulong siya sa atin.
   "I wish he had joined in helping us."

In this example, we can also use the verb with the prefix naki at the beginning of the sentence. Thus we can also say Nakitulong siya sana sa atin ("I wish he had joined in helping us"). Note that the only word dropped is the article ay. Also note that the meaning is still the same in both cases.

Example from the dialogue:

1. Balita ko nakilaro ka rin daw sa mga palaro doon.
   "I heard that you took part in the games, too."

Sample Sentences

1. Nakikain ako sa bahay ng kaibigan ko.
   "I joined my friend and his family in eating at their house."
2. Si Ana ay nakitakbo sa mga bata.
   "Ana joined the children in running."
   *Active form (not used in conversations; refer to the lesson focus.)
3. Nakibasa ako ng libro sa mga klasmeyt ko.
   "I joined my classmates in reading their book."

daw/raw "I've heard..."

Let's use the example sentence Pumunta ka raw sa Boracay? ("I heard you went to Boracay?") The first word, pumunta ("went") is a conjugation of the main verb punta ("to go"). By adding the infix um to the main verb punta ("to go") we are able to conjugate the past tense of the verb. The second word, the pronoun ka ("you"), is the doer of the action. The next words are the main predicate of the sentence; the adverb raw ("it is said/I've heard"), the preposition sa (a place marker), and lastly the place name Boracay, which is a famous beach in the Philippines.

This example follows the usual question pattern of verb + subject + object/predicate. Pumunta ("went") + ka ("you") + raw ("I've heard") + sa ("at") + Boracay?

You can use the pattern of verb in past tense + pronoun + daw/raw + object/predicate when you want to ask about something you heard someone has done through a third party, or want to confirm that what you heard is true.

You have to use a different pattern when you want to use a noun instead of a pronoun. The pattern for using a noun is: verb in past tense + daw + noun determiner (si/sila/ang..) + noun + object/predicate.

Daw and raw are used to mark indirect connotations. Speakers of the language usually freely alternate between the use of raw and daw, though others prefer to use raw after a vowel and daw after a consonant. In the example Pumunta ka raw sa Boracay? raw was used instead of daw because of the vowel in sa. In the next sentence, Balita ko nakilaro ka rin daw sa mga palaro doon, daw was used because on the word rin, which ends with consonant n, preceding it.

However, it is not really a strict rule since many people use whatever is comfortable for them.

For example:

Using a pronoun

Kumain ka raw ng mangga? ("I heard you ate a mango.")

Using a noun

Kumain daw si Ana ng mangga? ("I heard Ana ate a mango.")

For example:

1. Tumira ka raw sa Pilipinas?
   "I heard you lived in the Philippines."

Anong ginawa mo doon? "What did you do there?"

The first word, anong, ("what") is the shortened version of ano ang ("what" + article). The second word, ginawa ("done"), is a conjugated form of the main verb gawa ("do"). By adding the infix in we are able to conjugate the past tense of the verb. The next word mo ("you") is a pronoun which refers to the person the speaker is talking to. The last word, doon, is a preposition that refers to a place over there. It implies a place that is currently far from where the speakers are.

We use this key phrase when we want to ask what someone did at a particular place or event. It is assumed that both speakers have already established the place or event that is the subject of their conversation. When we want to be polite we simply insert the polite marker po into the phrase. Thus, the phrase will be Ano pong ginawa niyo doon? ("What did you do there?") Notice that Ano is used, not Anong. This is because the article ang is now combined with po to make the word pong.

The grammar pattern for asking someone what they did at a place or event is anong ("what") + ginawa ("done") + pronoun/noun + place.

For example:

1. Anong ginawa mo dito?
   "What did you do here?"

A Famous Tourist Spot: Boracay

The Philippines, being a tropical country, is famous for its beaches. One of the most famous beaches in the Philippines is Boracay, located in Kalibo, in the province of Aklan. Boracay is famous for its white sand beaches. Many foreign and local tourists head to Boracay during the summer season, which is from April to June. At Boracay, tourists can experience an array of fun and exciting aspects of Filipino culture through the many activities and events that are held there. The activities that are really enjoyable include fire dances, acoustic serenades, banana boat rides, helmet diving, and tasting scrumptious Filipino cuisine. Also, good quality native souvenirs such as handmade crafts can be bought at a very cheap price.