Learn how to use adjectives to describe something
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gina: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at FilipinoPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 15, Enjoying the Filipino Summer! I’m Gina. |
| Betsey: Kamusta! And I’m Betsey! |
| Gina: In this lesson you'll learn how to describe things by using Adjectives. |
| Betsey: This conversation takes place at the park during the day. |
| Gina: It’s between Jane, Maya, and Trish as they’re about to meet up. |
| Betsey: And as we know, the speakers know each other so they’ll be using informal Filipino. |
| Gina: Ok, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| Gina: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| Gina: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| A: Magandang umaga! Ang init ng panahon ngayon! |
| A: Good morning! The weather is hot today! |
| B: Oo nga eh. Ganito din ba kainit sa Pilipinas? |
| B: Yeah. Is it also this hot in the Philippines? |
| C: Oo. Palaging mainit sa Pilipinas. |
| C: Yes. It's always hot in the Philippines. |
| A: Mainit pero minsan umuulan din sa hapon o sa gabi. |
| A: It's hot but sometimes it rains in the afternoon or in the evening. |
| B: Ganun ba? Mahangin din ba? |
| B: Is that so? Is it also windy? |
| C: Oo. Mahangin din. |
| C: Yes. It's windy too. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gina: Hey Betsey, I bet our listeners are wondering about the weather in the Philippines. So why don’t we talk about it? |
| Betsey: That’s a great idea Gina! The weather in the Philippines is sunny throughout the year. |
| Gina: Yes but when is it the hottest? |
| Betsey: It’s hottest during the months of April and May |
| Gina: So what do people do during these months? |
| Betsey: During these hot summer months, schools are on vacation and almost everybody goes to the beach or to resorts, where watersports are a must-do activity! |
| Gina: I heard this is also the time when the Catholic Church celebrates “holy week” right? |
| Betsey: Yes. Most people go back to their hometowns to go on vacation during this long holiday. |
| Gina: How about the coldest months? |
| Betsey: Those are December to February. |
| Gina: I bet most people are in a good mood at that time of the year. |
| Betsey: Absolutely! That’s because during these months the country celebrates its most joyous festivities, like Christmas, New Year and Valentine’s Day. |
| Gina: It sounds like a nice time of year! |
| Betsey: It is! |
| Gina: Ok, now let’s move on to the vocabulary section! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gina: The first word we shall see is... |
| Betsey: mainit [natural native speed] |
| Gina: hot |
| Betsey: mainit [slowly - broken down by syllable] mainit [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: panahon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: weather |
| Betsey: panahon [slowly - broken down by syllable] panahon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: ngayon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: now, today |
| Betsey: ngayon [slowly - broken down by syllable] ngayon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Hapon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: afternoon |
| Betsey: Hapon [slowly - broken down by syllable] Hapon [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: palagi [natural native speed] |
| Gina: always |
| Betsey: palagi [slowly - broken down by syllable] palagi [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Minsan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: sometimes |
| Betsey: Minsan [slowly - broken down by syllable] Minsan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: Umulan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to rain |
| Betsey: Umulan [slowly - broken down by syllable] Umulan [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Betsey: mahangin [natural native speed] |
| Gina: windy |
| Betsey: mahangin [slowly - broken down by syllable] mahangin [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gina: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Betsey: And the first word is “minsan” |
| Gina: This means “sometimes” |
| Betsey: Yup. “minsan” is an adverb that denotes something that is done not so often. |
| Gina: It can be used in both formal and informal conversations. |
| Betsey: Right! “minsan” is frequently used by Filipinos in daily conversations. |
| Gina: For example? |
| Betsey: “Minsan, gumigising siya ng maaga” |
| Gina: Which is “Sometimes, he wakes up early” |
| Betsey: Yes. Where “gumigising” is the verb for… |
| Gina: “wakes up” and…. |
| Betsey: “maaga” in English means |
| Gina: “early” |
| Betsey: Precisely. |
| Gina: Great! What’s the next word? |
| Betsey: It’s “palagi” |
| Gina: An adverb that means “always”. |
| Betsey: Correct! “palagi” denotes that something, an action or event, occurs on a regular basis. |
| Gina: Let’s give an example. Say, “I always dream at night” |
| Betsey: That would be “Palagi akong nananaginip sa gabi” |
| Gina: Finally, it can be used both in formal and informal conversations. |
| Betsey: That’s right! |
| Gina: How about our third and final word for this lesson Betsey? |
| Betsey: The last word for this lesson is “ngayon” |
| Gina: That means “now” in English. |
| Betsey: “Ngayon” is an adverb that denotes the time at the moment. |
| Gina: It can also be used in formal and informal situations. For example… |
| Betsey: “Kumakain ako ngayon” |
| Gina: ...Is how you say “I am eating right now” Okay, now let’s move onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gina: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to describe something using adjectives. How do we do that in Filipino? |
| Betsey: We describe things, places and people using the pattern “Adjective + article + noun”. |
| Gina: Hmm okay. How about if we want to say “The coffee is hot.” How do we say this in Filipino, Betsey? |
| Betsey: We use the pattern I just talked about. First comes the Filipino word for coffee, which is “kape”, and then hot which is “mainit”. |
| Gina: So using the pattern “Adjective + article + noun” we have… |
| Betsey: “Mainit ang kape” |
| Gina: That’s great! Can we give our listeners another example? This time let’s try the statement “May is happy”. |
| Betsey: We can translate this in Filipino as “Masaya si May” where “masaya” is an adjective that means “happy”. |
| Gina: And it still follows our pattern “Adjective + article + noun” |
| Betsey: Yup! |
| Gina: Okay, Betsey I have a question. |
| Betsey: What is it Gina? |
| Gina: If we want to describe things as “hot coffee”, rather than just say or express our opinion such as “the coffee is hot”, do we use the same pattern? |
| Betsey: No, we have to use a different pattern. |
| Gina: Ok, what’s that? |
| Betsey: We use the pattern “Adjective + na + noun”. |
| Gina: I see. For instance, “hot coffee” in Filipino will be… |
| Betsey: “mainit na kape”. |
| Gina: Which follows the pattern “Adjective + na + noun” |
| Betsey: Yes that’s right. However, this pattern “adjective +na + noun” is limited to adjectives ending in consonant letters. |
| Gina: Is that so? Well then, what do we use for the adjectives ending in vowels? |
| Betsey: For adjectives ending in vowels, we add the suffix “-ng” to the adjectives and use the pattern “Adjective + noun”. |
| Gina: Hmm. Okay I think I’ve got it. Let’s give an example. |
| Betsey: Okay. What do you want to describe? |
| Gina: Let’s say “beautiful lady” in Filipino. |
| Betsey: The adjective for beautiful in Filipino is “maganda” |
| Gina: That adjective ends in a vowel! |
| Betsey: Yes so it’s going to be “magandang babae”. |
| Gina: I hope our listeners got that too! Is this the only way to describe things in Filipino, Betsey? |
| Betsey: There are other ways too. |
| Gina: Oh really? What’s the other way? |
| Betsey: Another pattern used to describe things is “Noun/Subject + “ay” + Adjective”. |
| Gina: How does this differ from the previous patterns that we discussed? |
| Betsey: This pattern is not usually used in conversations, and is mostly just used in writing. |
| Gina: Hmm I see. Let’s try to convert our previous example “The coffee is hot” into this pattern. |
| Betsey: You mean “Mainit ang kape” right? |
| Gina: Yes that’s it. “The coffee is hot” |
| Betsey: Well, here it becomes “Ang kape ay mainit” |
| Gina: Will it have the same meaning? |
| Betsey: Yes. The same meaning. They only differ in form. |
| Gina: Alright! That wasn’t too difficult! |
| Betsey: I hope the listeners agree! And remember, you can always check the lesson notes. |
Outro |
|---|
| Gina: Okay, that’s it for this lesson. |
| Betsey: Thank you for listening, everyone. |
| Gina: See you next time! |
| Betsey: Paalam. |
Comments
HideHello Listeners, how is the weather in your country now? Try answering in Filipino!
Hi Jaeren!
The words "palagi" and "lagi" are generally interchangeable, and both are commonly used to mean "always" or "constantly." However, there is a subtle difference in emphasis:
"Lagi" is the basic form and is used to convey the idea of "always" or "constantly."
Example: "Lagi akong nagtatrabaho." (I am always working.)
"Palagi" is an intensified or strengthened form of "lagi." It is used to emphasize the sense of "always" more strongly.
Example: "Palagi akong handa." (I am always ready, always prepared.)
The choice can sometimes depend on the speaker's preference or the desired level of emphasis. In casual conversation, you may find people using both forms interchangeably without a significant change in meaning.
Does this help?
Eric
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Hello,
Regarding the word "palagi", is there a rule for using "palagi" over "lagi". I see both used in the same context so I'm guessing they're interchangeable.
Thanks in advance!
Hello, Glasses,
Our climate is divided into main seasons. The rainy seasons and the dry seasons and yeah, it is a really hot but good time to go relaxing on the beach ❤️️ We do not have winter season 😅
Marivic
Team FilipinoPod101
ive heard the weather here in texas is similar to the Philippines, it's pretty hot all year but during the winter months it does get a little chilly, heheh
Hi Mike!
Napakaganda ng panahon ngayon sa Pilipinas! Hope you get to visit the Philippines once we're all safe and healthy. Maraming salamat!
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Malamig ang panahon dito ngayon na may ulan! I need to be in the Philippines now! 😂
Hi Errol Lovegrove,
Mabuti naman at hindi rin parating mainit! Salamat sa iyong komento.
Cheers!
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Kamusta Betsey,
ito ay tag-init sa Australia ngunit hindi palaging mainit.
Hi Christer,
It sounds like, napakalamig diyan sa Norway!! Maraming salamat sa iyong komento.
Hoping for warmer days ahead for you!
Kind regards,
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Hi Lolo Beat,
The prefix ka- helps with comparison or quantifying how hot it is when you say "kainit." You can use this with other adjectives as well. Gaano kalamig? How cold? Hope this helps! Maraming salamat.
Kind regards,
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
niyebe at lamig sa Norway ngayon. yaaay /s😒
Ganito din ba "kainit" sa Pilipinas? Could you please break down the word kainit for me? I have difficulties to understand the expression kainit. I know "kainitan" which means heat, right?
Hi Susanne,
Great job practicing. Thank you for sharing the weather in Germany with us. Salamat!
Cheers,
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Madalas umuulan sa Germany pero maaraw at mainit ngayon. 😎
Hi Ian,
Mainit din sa Manila ngayon (It's hot in Manila now too). Tag-init ba diyan ngayon (Is it summer there now)?
Thank you for your comment!
Salamat!
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Hi John,
Thank you for your comment!
Palaging umuulan sa Vancouver - It's always raining in Vancouver.
Palaging maaraw sa Manila - It's always sunny in Manila.
If you have any questions, feel free to ask! We'd gladly answer them for you!
Betsey
Team FilipinoPod101.com
Mainit sa Toronto ngayon.
Palagi umulan sa Vancouver.